超聲波清洗機是利用超聲波振動原理，對各類幾何形狀複（fù）雜的精密設備進行清洗，以除去其（qí）上（shàng）粘附的油脂，放射性（xìng）物質，血跡及細菌等汙垢物。那麽超聲（shēng）波（bō）清洗機的工（gōng）作（zuò）原理是什麽樣的呢，超聲（shēng）波清機又由什麽構成的呢（ne）？

The ultrasonic cleaning machine uses the principle of ultrasonic vibration to clean all kinds of complex geometric shape precision equipment to remove the dirt such as grease, radioactive substances, blood stains and bacteria. So what is the working principle of ultrasonic cleaning machine? What is the composition of ultrasonic cleaning machine?

全自動超聲波（bō）清洗機結構

Structure of automatic ultrasonic cleaning machine

超（chāo）聲波清洗機的結構主要是由超聲波發（fā）生器，清洗槽和箱體三大部分（fèn）構成。

The structure of ultrasonic cleaning machine is mainly composed of ultrasonic generator, cleaning tank and box body.

1，超（chāo）聲波發生器 由電源變壓器及整流係統，振蕩器，推動（dòng）級，功率（lǜ）放大器及輸送變壓器等組成。

1. Ultrasonic generator is composed of power transformer and rectifier system, oscillator, driving stage, power amplifier and transmission transformer.

2，清洗槽由不鏽鋼槽，複合換能器和匹配電感組（zǔ）成。換能器粘合於不（bú）鏽（xiù）鋼槽底部，不鏽（xiù）鋼（gāng）槽與箱架之間墊有減震（zhèn）裝置。

The transducer consists of a stainless steel slot and a cleaning tank. The transducer is bonded to the bottom of the stainless steel tank, and the damping device is padded between the stainless steel tank and the box frame.

3，箱體麵（miàn）板上裝有電流表，電源開（kāi）關，輸送插座，頻率和功率調節旋鈕，其後麵裝有電源進線插座及保險管。

3. The panel of the box is equipped with ammeter, power switch, transmission socket, frequency and power adjustment knob, and the back of which is equipped with power inlet socket and safety tube.

超聲波清洗機的工（gōng）作原理

Working principle of ultrasonic cleaning machine

超聲波清洗機是利用超聲波的高能量，使物質分子產生顯著地聲壓作用（yòng），超聲波振動使液體分子排列緊密時（shí），液（yè）體分子受到壓力，超聲波振動使液體分子稀疏時，液體分子受（shòu）到向外散開的拉力。

Ultrasonic cleaning machine makes use of the high energy of ultrasonic wave to make the material molecules produce significant sound pressure. When the liquid molecules are closely arranged by ultrasonic vibration, the liquid molecules are under pressure, and when the liquid molecules are sparse by ultrasonic vibration, the liquid molecules are subject to the outward scattered tension.

液體分子較能承受壓力，但受到拉力作用時，其排列易發生斷裂，這種斷裂（liè）發生在液體中存在雜質或氣（qì）泡處。液體（tǐ）分子斷裂後，其內出現許（xǔ）多泡狀的小空腔，這些空腔在極短的（de）時間內閉合，同時產生巨大（dà）的瞬時壓力，一般（bān）可達數千兆帕。

Liquid molecules can bear pressure better, but when they are under tension, their arrangement is easy to break. This kind of fracture occurs in the place where there are impurities or bubbles in the liquid. After the fracture of liquid molecules, there are many small bubble like cavities in it. These cavities close in a very short time and generate huge instantaneous pressure, which can reach several gigapascals.

巨大的（de）瞬時壓力，可使懸浮在液體中的固體（tǐ）表麵受到急劇的破壞（huài）作用，這種超生波（bō）對液體，固體（tǐ）的聲壓作（zuò）用稱為孔蝕（shí）現（xiàn）象。根據此原理，該機振蕩器由電子管組（zǔ）成耦合式電感電容震蕩回（huí）路，震（zhèn）蕩頻率由電容和電感決定（dìng）。電位器用來控製（zhì）反饋信號（hào），震（zhèn）蕩信號再經耦合電容輸（shū）至推動級，經電（diàn）子管甲類（lèi）功率放（fàng）大器放大後，再經未級功率放大，然後傳至換（huàn）能器，將壓電電能轉為機械能，從而產生超聲波振（zhèn）動。

The huge instantaneous pressure can cause the surface of solid suspended in liquid to be destroyed rapidly. The effect of supergenerated wave on the sound pressure of liquid and solid is called pitting phenomenon. According to this principle, the oscillator consists of a coupled inductance capacitor oscillation circuit composed of an electronic tube, and the oscillation frequency is determined by the capacitance and inductance. The potentiometer is used to control the feedback signal. The vibration signal is transmitted to the driving stage through the coupling capacitance. After being amplified by the class a power amplifier of the electronic tube, it is then amplified by the non stage power, and then transmitted to the transducer to convert the piezoelectric energy into mechanical energy, thus generating ultrasonic vibration.